Android Studio - Bluetooth（藍牙）Overview（三十四）

Android Studio - Bluetooth（藍牙）Overview（三十四）：

Android 提供管理藍牙功能的類，例如掃描設備、連接設備以及管理設備之間的數據傳輸。Android 藍牙 API 支持 Classic Bluetooth（經典藍牙）和 Bluetooth Low Energy / BLE（低功耗藍牙）。在 Android 開發中，Android 的 Bluetooth Class 非常多，所以要小心使用。

Android Bluetooth 架構 Architecture

Andoid 通用藍牙架構

• Applications–Android 藍牙應用程式，就是使用藍牙的 API 的程式
• Framework–提供給應用使用的 API，平時使用的 BluetoothAdapter，BluetoothDevice，BluetoothSocket 等
• Bluetooth Service–即 Bluetooth APP(Bluetooth.apk)也是屬於 java framework 範疇，不過由於它比較特殊，所以獨立出來，提供所有的上層服務以及與 Bluedroid 底層進行交互。其中 btAdapter 主要提供藍牙的基本操作，比如 enable、disable、discovery、pair、unpair、createRfcomm 等，其他的就都是 Profile 的各自的 Service
• Bluedroid–藍牙協議棧，提供所有藍牙的實際操作，開關藍牙，藍牙的管理，搜索管理，鏈路管理，各種 profile 的實現，包括 HCI，ACL，SCO，L2CAP，各種 profile 等

Bluetooth Classes 應用程序接口：

Class 屬性	描述
BluetoothA2dp	This class provides the public APIs to control the Bluetooth A2DP profile。
BluetoothAdapter	Represents the local device Bluetooth adapter。
BluetoothAssignedNumbers	Bluetooth Assigned Numbers。
BluetoothClass	Represents a Bluetooth class，which describes general characteristics and capabilities of a device。
BluetoothClass.Device	Defines all device class constants。
BluetoothClass.Device.Major	Defines all major device class constants。
BluetoothClass.Service	Defines all service class constants。
BluetoothDevice	Represents a remote Bluetooth device。
BluetoothGatt	Public API for the Bluetooth GATT Profile。
BluetoothGattCallback	This abstract class is used to implement BluetoothGatt callbacks。
BluetoothGattCharacteristic	Represents a Bluetooth GATT Characteristic A GATT characteristic is a basic data element used to construct a GATT service，BluetoothGattService。
BluetoothGattDescriptor	Represents a Bluetooth GATT Descriptor GATT Descriptors contain additional information and attributes of a GATT characteristic，BluetoothGattCharacteristic。
BluetoothGattServer	Public API for the Bluetooth GATT Profile server role。
BluetoothGattServerCallback	This abstract class is used to implement BluetoothGattServer callbacks。
BluetoothGattService	Represents a Bluetooth GATT Service Gatt Service contains a collection of BluetoothGattCharacteristic，as well as referenced services。
BluetoothHeadset	Public API for controlling the Bluetooth Headset Service。
BluetoothHealth	This class was deprecated in API level 29。Health Device Profile (HDP) and MCAP protocol are no longer used。New apps should use Bluetooth Low Energy based solutions such as BluetoothGatt，BluetoothAdapter#listenUsingL2capChannel()，or BluetoothDevice#createL2capChannel(int)
BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration	This class was deprecated in API level 29。Health Device Profile (HDP) and MCAP protocol are no longer used。New apps should use Bluetooth Low Energy based solutions such as BluetoothGatt，BluetoothAdapter#listenUsingL2capChannel()，or BluetoothDevice#createL2capChannel(int)
BluetoothHealthCallback	This class was deprecated in API level 29。Health Device Profile (HDP) and MCAP protocol are no longer used。New apps should use Bluetooth Low Energy based solutions such as BluetoothGatt，BluetoothAdapter#listenUsingL2capChannel()，or BluetoothDevice#createL2capChannel(int)
BluetoothHearingAid	This class provides the public APIs to control the Hearing Aid profile。
BluetoothHidDevice	Provides the public APIs to control the Bluetooth HID Device profile。
BluetoothHidDevice.Callback	The template class that applications use to call callback functions on events from the HID host。
BluetoothHidDeviceAppQosSettings	Represents the Quality of Service (QoS) settings for a Bluetooth HID Device application。
BluetoothHidDeviceAppSdpSettings	Represents the Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) settings for a Bluetooth HID Device application。
BluetoothLeAudio	This class provides the public APIs to control the LeAudio profile。
BluetoothManager	High level manager used to obtain an instance of an BluetoothAdapter and to conduct overall Bluetooth Management。
BluetoothServerSocket	A listening Bluetooth socket。
BluetoothSocket	A connected or connecting Bluetooth socket。
BluetoothStatusCodes	A class with constants representing possible return values for Bluetooth APIs。

Android 經典的藍牙代碼架構圖（Google 官方提供）

取得 BluetoothAdapter 物件範例：

BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { // Device does not support Bluetooth }

參考網址：
※ Bluetooth Overview

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