透過 TL-WR703N 路由器的 TTL 輸出，可以在 PC 電腦用 Windows Terminals 或 Hyper Terminals 顯示路由器的 Firware 過程，Firmware 程式過程包括 U-Boot 及 Linux 核心系統（Kernel ），基本上 U-Boot 是像電腦 BIOS （Basic Input/Output System） 或 MCU 的 Bootloader，所以當了解 U-Boot 的過程，再看程式碼便會容易理解。
U-Boot 的啟動過程大致做如下工作：
1… 初始化 CPU
2… 初始化 記憶體 (DDR RAM)
3… 記憶體劃分、分配棧、資料、配置參數、以及 U-Boot 代碼在記憶體中的位置。
4… 初始化 串口 (Serial) 、網口、時鐘
5… 對 U-Boot 代碼作 relocate、malloc
6… 進入命令行或者直接啟動 Linux kernel
1. U-Boot 1.1.4 (Dec 4 2012 - 11:19:40)
2. AP121 (ar9330) U-boot
3. DRAM: 32 MB
4. led turning on for 1s...
5. id read 0x100000ff
6. flash size 4194304, sector count = 64
7. Flash: 4 MB
8. Using default environment
9. In: serial
10. Out: serial
11. Err: serial
12. Net: ag7240_enet_initialize...
13. No valid address in Flash. Using fixed address
14. No valid address in Flash. Using fixed address
15. : cfg1 0x5 cfg2 0x7114
16. eth0: 00:03:7f:09:0b:ad
17. ag7240_phy_setup
18. eth0 up
19. : cfg1 0xf cfg2 0x7214
20. eth1: 00:03:7f:09:0b:ad
21. athrs26_reg_init_lan
22. ATHRS26: resetting s26
23. ATHRS26: s26 reset done
24. ag7240_phy_setup
25. eth1 up
26. eth0, eth1
27. Autobooting in 1 seconds
28. ## Booting image at 9f020000 ...
29. Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
30. Starting kernel ...
31. Booting AR9330(Hornet)...
32. Linux version 2.6.31--LSDK-9.2.0.312 (root@localhost.localdomain) (gcc version 4.3.3 (GCC) ) #68 Tue Dec 4 11:19:54 CST 2012
33. flash_size passed from bootloader = 4
34. CPU revision is: 00019374 (MIPS 24Kc)
35. Determined physical RAM map:
36. memory: 02000000 @ 00000000 (usable)
37. User-defined physical RAM map:
38. memory: 02000000 @ 00000000 (usable)
39. Zone PFN ranges:
40. Normal 0x00000000 -> 0x00002000
41. Movable zone start PFN for each node
42. early_node_map[1] active PFN ranges
0: 0x00000000 -> 0x00002000
43. Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 8128
44. Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,115200 root=31:02 rootfstype=squashfs init=/sbin/init mtdparts=ar7240-nor0:128k(u-boot),1024k(kernel),2816(rootfs),64k(config),64k(ART) mem=32M
45. PID hash table entries: 128 (order: 7, 512 bytes)
46. Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
47. Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
48. Primary instruction cache 64kB, VIPT, 4-way, linesize 32 bytes.
49. Primary data cache 32kB, 4-way, VIPT, cache aliases, linesize 32 bytes
50. Writing ErrCtl register=00000000
51. Readback ErrCtl register=00000000
52. Memory: 29880k/32768k available (1883k kernel code, 2888k reserved, 521k data, 112k init, 0k highmem)
53. Hierarchical RCU implementation.
54. NR_IRQS:128
55. plat_time_init: plat time init done
56. Calibrating delay loop... 266.24 BogoMIPS (lpj=532480)
57. Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
58. NET: Registered protocol family 16
59. ===== ar7240_platform_init: 0
60. Whoops! This kernel is for product wr703 v1.0!
61. bio: create slab
62. SCSI subsystem initialized
63. usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
64. usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
65. usbcore: registered new device driver usb
66. NET: Registered protocol family 2
67. IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
68. TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
69. TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
70. TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
71. TCP reno registered
72. NET: Registered protocol family 1
73. AR7240 GPIOC major 0
74. squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher
75. NTFS driver 2.1.29 [Flags: R/O].
76. msgmni has been set to 58
77. alg: No test for lzma (lzma-generic)
78. alg: No test for stdrng (krng)
79. io scheduler noop registered
80. io scheduler anticipatory registered
81. io scheduler deadline registered
82. io scheduler cfq registered (default)
83. Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 1 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
84. ttyS0: detected caps 00000000 should be 00000100
85. serial8250.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xb8020000 (irq = 19) is a 16550A
86. console [ttyS0] enabled
87. PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
88. NET: Registered protocol family 24
89. cmdlinepart partition parsing not available
90. set partition boot
91. set partition kernel
92. set partition rootfs
93. set partition config
94. set partition art
95. set partition
96. Searching for RedBoot partition table
97. 5 RedBoot partitions found on MTD device ar7240-nor0
98. Creating 5 MTD partitions on "ar7240-nor0":
99. 0x000000000000-0x000000020000 : "boot"
100. 0x000000020000-0x000000120000 : "kernel"
101. 0x000000120000-0x0000003e0000 : "rootfs"
102. 0x0000003e0000-0x0000003f0000 : "config"
103. 0x0000003f0000-0x000000400000 : "art"
104. ->Oops: flash id 0x1c3016 .
105. ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
106. Port Status 1c000004
107. ar7240-ehci ar7240-ehci.0: ATH EHCI
108. ar7240-ehci ar7240-ehci.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
109. ehci_reset Intialize USB CONTROLLER in host mode: 3
110. ehci_reset Port Status 1c000000
111. ar7240-ehci ar7240-ehci.0: irq 3, io mem 0x1b000000
112. ehci_reset Intialize USB CONTROLLER in host mode: 3
113. ehci_reset Port Status 1c000000
114. ar7240-ehci ar7240-ehci.0: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
115. usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
116. hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
117. hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected
118. TCP cubic registered
119. NET: Registered protocol family 17
120. 802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8 Ben Greear
121. All bugs added by David S. Miller
122. ar7240wdt_init: Registering WDT success
123. VFS: Mounted root (squashfs filesystem) readonly on device 31:2.
124. Freeing unused kernel memory: 112k freed
125. init started: BusyBox v1.01 (2012.08.01-03:58+0000) multi-call binary
126. This Board use 2.6.31
127. xt_time: kernel timezone is -0000
128. nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (512 buckets, 5120 max)
129. ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
130. insmod: cannot open module `/lib/modules/2.6.31/kernel/iptable_raw.ko': No such file or directory
131. insmod: cannot open module `/lib/modules/2.6.31/kernel/flashid.ko': No such file or directory
132. PPPoL2TP kernel driver, V1.0
133. PPTP driver version 0.8.3
134. insmod: cannot open module `/lib/modules/2.6.31/kernel/harmony.ko': No such file or directory
135. Now flash open!
136. (none) mips #68 Tue Dec 4 11:19:54 CST 2012 (none)
137. (none) login: Now flash open!
138. ATHR_GMAC: Length per segment 1536
139. ATHR_GMAC: fifo cfg 3 01f00140
140. 2
141. ATHR_GMAC: Max segments per packet : 1
142. ATHR_GMAC: Max tx descriptor count : 40
143. ATHR_GMAC: Max rx descriptor count : 96
144. ATHR_GMAC: Mac capability flags : 4D83
145. 1
146. ATHR_GMAC: Max segments per packet : 1
147. ATHR_GMAC: Max tx descriptor count : 40
148. ATHR_GMAC: Max rx descriptor count : 252
149. ATHR_GMAC: Mac capability flags : 4403
150. athr_gmac_ring_alloc Allocated 640 at 0x81eac800
151. athr_gmac_ring_alloc Allocated 4032 at 0x81d63000
152. Setting Drop CRC Errors, Pause Frames and Length Error frames
153. Setting PHY...mac 0
154. athr_gmac_ring_alloc Allocated 640 at 0x81eac400
155. athr_gmac_ring_alloc Allocated 1536 at 0x81f31000
156. athr_gmac_mii_setup: MDC check failed
157. Setting Drop CRC Errors, Pause Frames and Length Error frames
158. ATHRS26: resetting s26
159. ATHRS26: s26 reset done
160. Setting PHY...mac 1
161. device eth0 entered promiscuous mode
162. Now flash open!
163. ATHR_GMAC: Enet Unit:1 PHY:4 is UP GMii 100Mbps full duplex
164. ATHR_GMAC: done cfg2 0x7215 ifctl 0x0 miictrl
165. Setting Drop CRC Errors, Pause Frames and Length Error frames
166. br0: port 1(eth0) entering forwarding state
167. nf_conntrack_rtsp v0.6.21 loading
168. nf_nat_rtsp v0.6.21 loading
169. asf: module license 'Proprietary' taints kernel.
170. Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
171. ath_hal: 0.9.17.1 (AR9380, DEBUG, REGOPS_FUNC, WRITE_EEPROM, 11D)
172. ath_rate_atheros: Copyright (c) 2001-2005 Atheros Communications, Inc, All Rights Reserved
173. ath_dev: Copyright (c) 2001-2007 Atheros Communications, Inc, All Rights Reserved
174. ath_ahb: 9.2.0_U5.508 (Atheros/multi-bss)
175. Boostrap clock 25MHz
176. ar9300RadioAttach: Need analog access recipe!!
177. Restoring Cal data from Flash
178. ath_get_caps[4735] rx chainmask mismatch actual 1 sc_chainmak 0
179. ath_get_caps[4710] tx chainmask mismatch actual 1 sc_chainmak 0
180. wifi0: Atheros 9380: mem=0xb8100000, irq=2
181. wlan_vap_create : enter. devhandle=0x80d202c0, opmode=IEEE80211_M_HOSTAP, flags=0x1
182. wlan_vap_create : exit. devhandle=0x80d202c0, opmode=IEEE80211_M_HOSTAP, flags=0x1.
183. VAP device ath0 created
184. DES SSID SET=TP-LINK_FB9468
185. ieee80211_scan_unregister_event_handler: Failed to unregister evhandler=c0abc6c0 arg=81f77ac0
186. wlan_vap_delete : enter. vaphandle=0x80e76000
187. wlan_vap_delete : exit. vaphandle=0x80e76000
188. wlan_vap_create : enter. devhandle=0x80d202c0, opmode=IEEE80211_M_HOSTAP, flags=0x1
189. wlan_vap_create : exit. devhandle=0x80d202c0, opmode=IEEE80211_M_HOSTAP, flags=0x1.
190. VAP device ath0 created
191. DES SSID SET=TP-LINK_FB9468
192. ieee80211_ioctl_siwmode: imr.ifm_active=393856, new mode=3, valid=1
193. WARNING: Fragmentation with HT mode NOT ALLOWED!!
194. device ath0 entered promiscuous mode
195. br0: port 2(ath0) entering forwarding state
196. ieee80211_ioctl_siwmode: imr.ifm_active=918144, new mode=3, valid=1
197. br0: port 2(ath0) entering disabled state
198. DES SSID SET=TP-LINK_FB9468
199. br0: port 2(ath0) entering forwarding state
|
參考網址：
※ OpenWrt TP-Link TL-WR703N
※ The OpenWrt Flash Layout
2013 年 9月 3日 天氣報告
※ OpenWrt TP-Link TL-WR703N
※ The OpenWrt Flash Layout
相關網址：
2013 年 9月 3日 天氣報告
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